梵文第一类变化动词sell语言交流

以下是梵文第一类变化动词，也就是最大类的动词，结合笔记中的变位词尾，诸位可以进行变位练习。文中的deri表示派生词。友情提醒，确定一个梵文动词的含义，千万不要单凭一个英文动词，那是有歧义的。除了查梵汉词典，最好多参照德文注解，减少歧义。关于天城体转写，IAST仅仅用于印刷，HK大小写混用看是简洁，但容易眼花，Velthuis个人以为最好，专有名词可以大写。.
ak to move tortuously
aks. to pervade; to reach; to accumulate
ag to wind, to go
an:k to mark
an:g to go
an:gh to go; to hasten; to begin; to blame; to gamble
ac to go; to request
aj to go; to drive; to throw
ac to speak indistinctly; to go; to request; to bend
ac to worship; to honour or to revere
at. to wander
at.t. to transgress; to kill
at.h to go
an.t.h to go
ad. to exert; to try
ad.d. to join; to attack; to explain the sense of; to sue, to exert
an. to utter a voice, to sound
at to go constantly; to obtain (mostly Vedic)
ant, and to bind
amb, ambh to sound
abhr to go, to wander about
am to go; to sound, to wait upon
ay to go
argh to be worth; to cost
arc to worship; to honour; to shine; to praise (Vedic)
arj to procure; to earn
ard to go; to beg or request; deri. ardita solicited; abhyarn.a near, proximate, close, drawing near (of time)
arb to go, to injure, to kill
arv to kill
al to adorn; to be competent or able
av to protect, to move, to be lovely, to please, to satisfy, to know, to enter, to hear, to own, to beg, to act, to desire, to shine, to obtain, to embrace, to kill, to take, to be, to grow; deri. avita or u_ta
as., as to go, to shine, to receive
am.h to go
a_ch to lengthen, to stretch, to make straight; deri. a_chita
i to go; deri. ita, e_tum, itva_, uditya, ayat, is.yat, i_yis.as
ikh to go, to move; deri. ikhita, e_khitum, e_khitva_, i_khivas
in:kh to go, to move
in:g to go, to move
it. to go
in.t. to have superhuman faculties, to be powerful
inv to pervade; to please; to be satisfied
i_ to go; deri. i_ta
i_ks. to see
i_kh, i_n:kh to go
i_j to go; to censure, to blame
i_r to go
i_rs.y, i_ks.y to envy
i_s. to escape, to kill, to see
i_s. to glean
i_n to endeavour, to obtain, to aim at, to wish
u to utter a voice; to sound; deri. uta, o_tum
uks. to sprinkle; to wet
ukh to go
un:kh to go
ucch to dwell abroad; to retire
uch to glean
ut.h to knock down
urd to measure, to play; to taste; to grant; to be cheerful
urv to kill or hurt
us. to burn
uh to hurt or kill
u_t.h to knock down
u_y to weave; to sew
u_s. to be ill
u_h to conjecture, to infer, to guess; to note; to expect; to reason
r. to go; to acquire; deri. r.ta, artum, aris.yat, a_rivas
r.j to go; to stand; to gain; to acquire; to be healthy
r.j to fry
r.t to reproach, to pity, to go, to rival; to have power
r.s' to kill; to go
ej to tremble or shake
ej to shine; deri. ejama_na
et. to annoy; to oppose
edh to grow: to increase, to prosper, to extend, to swell, to rise
es. to go
o_kh to be dry; to be able or sufficient; to adorn; to refuse; to prevent
o_n. to remove; to drag along
o_laj to throw up
o_lan.d. to throw up
kak to wish; to be proud; to be unsteady; to be thirsty
kakh to deride or laugh at
kakh to deride
kag to perform or do anything or act
kan:k to go
kac to bind
kac to cry
kac to shine; to bind
kat. to rain; to cover or to surround
kat. to go or approach
kat.h to drag on the days of life, to live in distress
kad. to be confused; to be proud
kad.d. to be harsh or rough
kan. to cry or bewail
kan. to go or approach
kat. to go
kan.t.h to grive for, to miss
kan.d. to be proud; to unhusk
kan.d. to be proud
katth to praise; to boast; to flatter; deri. vikatthya, cakattha_na
kad to be confounded, to grieve
kan to shine; to love; to wish; to go; Vedic (to be contented)
kand to call; to shed tears
kand to be confounded; to grieve
kab to colour
kam to love, to long for; to have intercourse with; to value highly; deri. ka_nta, ka_mya
kamp to shake or tremble
kamb to go
karj to pain
kard to rumble; to caw
karb to go or approach
karv to be proud, to boast
kal to sound; to count
kall to sound indistinctly
kav to praise; to describe, to compose a poem
kas' to sound
kas. to kill or injure; to try on a touchstone; to rub
kas to go
ka_n:ks. to desire or long for
ka_c to shine; to bind
ka_s' to shine
ka_s to cough
kit. to fear; to frighten; to go or approach
kit to live; to heal or cure; to doubt; deri. cikitsita
kit to desire
ki_l to bind; to fit
ku to sound; deri. kuta, ko_tum, kavama_na, cukuva_na
kuk to take; to accept; to seize
kuc to utter a shrill cry (as a bird); to contract; to bend; to be crooked; to impede; to write or delineate
kuj to steal
kuc to make crooked; to bend, or curve; to lessen
kut. to cut
kun.t. to be lame
kun.t.h to be mutilated or blunted; to loosen; to be dull or stupid or idle
kun.d. to maim or mutilate
kun.d. to burn
kut to cover
kunth to hurt; to suffer pain
kubh to wet
kump to cover; to dress
kumb to cover
kumbh to cover
kurd to play; deri. ku_rdita
kul to collect; to be related or to behave as a kinsman; to proceed uninterruptedly; to reckon
kum.s' to shine
kum.s to speak
kuj to make any inarticulate sound, to hum; to coo; to warble
klup to be fit for; to be able; deri. klupta, kalpitum
kr.s. to draw; to plough; deri. kr.s.t.a, kars.t.um, a_kr.s.ya, cakr.s.bas
ke_p to shake or tremble
ke_l to shake; to sport
kai to sound; deri. ka_ta, ka_yat, cakivas
knath to hurt, to injure, to kill
knu_y to make a creaking sound; to be wet; to sink
kmar to be crooked
krath to injure, hurt or kill
krad to be confounded, to grieve
krand to lament; to grieve
krand to call out; to cry
krap to pity; to go
kram to walk; to step; to go, to cross; to leap; to ascend; deri. kra_nta, kramitum, cakran.vas
kri_d. to amuse oneself; to play; to gamble; to make a noise or creak or break
kruc to make crooked; to bend or curve; to lessen
krus' to call out; to cry
klath to hurt or kill
kland to call out; to cry
klam to be fatigued; deri. kla_nta, caklanvas
klind to lament
kli_b to behave like a eunuch; to be timorous or modest or unassuming
klu to go
kle_v to serve
kle_s' to speak inarticulately; to impede
kvan. to jingle; to tinkle; to hum; to warble
kvath to boil; to decoct; to digest
ks.aj to kill
ks.aj to go, to give
ks.ad to cut, to protect, to eat
ks.am to forgive; to suffer; to allow; to put up with; to resist; to be able to do anything
ks.amp to forgive or endure
ks.ar to flow; to ooze; to wane; to become useless, to melt
ks.i to decay; to wane, to waste
ks.it. to make an inarticulate sound
ks.iv to eject from the mouth; to vomit; to spit out; deri. ks.yu_ta, praks.i_vya
ks.i_j to speak inarticulately
ks.i_b to be drunk or intoxicated
ks.i_v to be drunk or intoxicated
ks.i_v to spit out
ks.ud to go
ks.up to be intoxicated
ks.ubh to be agitated; to disturb
ks.ump to go
ks.e_v to spit out
ks.ai to wane, to decline; to decay, to waste away; deri. ks.a_ma, ks.e_ya
ks.ma_y to tremble; to shake
ks.mi_l to wink
ks.vid. to be wet or unctuous; to discharge juice, to emit sap
ks.vid to be wet
ks.ve_l to leap, to move; to shake
khakkh to laugh at
khaj to churn; to agitate
khaj to limp
khat. to desire
khan.d. to break, to cut, to tear to pieces
khad to be firm, to kill
khan to dig up; deri. kha_ta, khe_ya
khab, khamb to go
kharj to pain; to worship
khard to bite, to sting
kharb to go
kharv to proud or haughty
khal. to gather or collect; to move or shake
khas. to injure, hurt or kill
kha_d to eat; to devour
khit. to fear, to frighten
khu to sound
khuj to rob; to steal
khun.d. to limp; to break into pieces
khurd to play
khe_l to shake; to tremble; to play
khe_v to serve
khai to strike; to be firm; deri. kha_ta, kha_yat
kho_t., kho_d., kho_r, kho_l to limp, to be lame
gaj to sound or roar; to be drunk or confused
gaj to sound
gad. to distil
gan.d. to affect the cheek
gad to speak, to say
gand to affect the cheek
gam to go; deri. gata, a_gamya, jagmivas
garj, gard to roar; to growl; to thunder
garb to go
garv to be proud
garh to blame; to censure
gal to eat; to drip
galbh to be bold or confident
galh to blame, to censure
ga_ to go
ga_dh to set out for, to dive, to seek, to compile, to string together, to stay
ga_h to dive, to bathe; to penetrate, to agitate or churn, to be absorbed in; to hide onself in; to destroy; deri. ga_d.ha, ga_hitavya
gu to speak inarticulately; deri. guta, go_tum, gavama_na, juguva_na
guj to hum or buzz
guj to hum or buzz, to sound inarticulately
gun.t.h to enclose; to envelope
gun.d. to envelope, to protect, to pound
gud to play
gudh to play
gup to protect, to conceal
gup to censure; to despise, to hide
gard-grd to play
gurv to endeavour, to elevate
guh to cover; to hide
gr. to sprinkle, to wet
gr.j, gr.j to sound, to roar, to grumble
gr.h to take; to seize
ge_p to shake
ge_v to seve
ge_s. to search; to investigate
ga to sing, to relate; deri. gi_ta
go_s.t. to assemble; to collect; to heap together
granth to be crooked or wicked, to bend
granth to bind, to arrange in a regular order
gras, glas to eat; to devour, to swallow; to consume; to seize; to eclipse; to destroy; deri. grasta, jagrasa_na
gruc, gluc to steal; deri. grukta
gluh to take
gluc to go
gle_p to be poor or miserable; to shake
gle_v to serve or worship
gle_s. to seek
glai to despond, to wane; to be fatigued
ghagh to laugh
ghat. to act; to be intently occupied with; to happen; to be united with; to come to, to reach
ghat.t. to shake
ghan.t. to speak; to shine
gharb to go
ghas to eat; to devour
ghin.n. to take
ghu to sound
ghut. to return; to exchange
ghun. to stagger; to reel
ghun.n. to take
ghus. to be beautiful or brilliant
ghus. to sound, to proclaim
ghum.s. to diffuse lustre
ghu_rn. to whirl; to roll; to reel
ghr. to sprinkle
ghr.n.n. to take
ghr.s. to grind, to pound, to strike, to rub, to brush, to polish
ghra_ to smell
n.u to sound
cak to be satisfied, to repel; to resist, to shine
cak to be satisfied
can:k to reel; to roll
cac to go; to shake; to leap
cat. to break, to rain, to cover
can. to go, to sound
can.d. to be angry
cat, cad to beg, to request
can to kill
cand to be glad; to shine
cap to console; to sooth
cam to eat; to drink
camp to go
camb to go
cay to go
car to go; to walk, to graze; to eat; deri. carya, ce_ra_n.a_ca_rya an instructor
carc to discuss, to condemn; to censure
carb to go
carv to chew, to eat; to browse; to chop; to bite
cas. to eat
cah to be wicked; to be proud; to cheat
ca_y to worship, to discern
cit. to send out
cit to perceive; to think; to recover consciousness
cint to remember
chill to become loose; to act wantonly; to sport
chi_k to endure
ci_bh to coax, to boast
ci_b to take, to wear, to cover
cucya to bathe, to churn, to press
cud.d. to sport, to hint one's meaning
cun.t. to cut off
cun.d. to become small, to cut off
cup to move slowly
cumb to kiss
culump to swing, to rock; to agitate
cull to sport, to make amorous gestures
cu_s. to drink
cr.p to excite; to light
ce_l to shake; to go
ce_s.t. to act
cyu to go; to drop down; to fall, to swerve
cyut to flow; to trickle
chat. to cover; to veil; to hide
chand to cover
cham to eat, to consume
chas. to hurt; to injure, to kill
chr.d to kindle
chr.s. to beg or request
jaj to fight
jaj to fight
jat. to become matted (as hair)
jad. to heap
jap to mutter, to mediate
jabh to yawn, to gape; deri. jabdha, jambhitum, jajabha_na
jam to eat; deri. ja_nta, ja_ntva_, jamitva_
jamm to destroy
jarc, jarch to speak, to blame
jal to strike, to be rich, to hide; to encircle, to be sharp; to be cold, stiff, dull, or dumb
jalp to speak, to prattle, to babble, to murmur, to chatter, to praise
jas. to kill
jas to injure, to strike
jam.s to protect, to release
ji to conquer; to overcome; to surpass, to win, to restrain
jinv to please; to be lively, active, busy; to excise; to animate, to promote, confer
jim to eat
jis. to sprinkle
ji_v to live, to revive, to live upon
ju to go, to be quick
jug to abandon; to exclude
jut to shine
jus. to reason; to investigate; to be satisfied; to hurt
jumbh to gape; to yawn; to expand; to open; to spread; to increase, appear, to rise
jr._ to grow old, to waste away; to decay; deri. ji_rn.a, jarat
je_s. to go
je_h to try, to go
jai to decay
jyu to go
jri to conquer; to defeat, to grow old
jvar to be hot with fever or passion; to be ill; deri. ju_rn.a
jval to blaze; to glow; to shine; deri. prajvalya
jhat. to become matted together (as hair), to become confused or entangled
jham to eat; to consume
jharjh to speak; to hurt, injure or kill; to menace
jhas. to hurt, injure or kill
jhas. to take, to put on or wear
t.an:k to bind
t.al to be confused
t.ik to go
t.i_k to go, to resort to
t.auk to go
t.val to be confused
d.i_ to fly; to pass through the air; deri. d.ayita
d.hauk to go, to approach; deri. upad.haukya, d.ud.hauka_na
tak to laugh at; to bear, to fly or rush upon
taks. to cut off; to make thin; to wound, to form; deri. tas.t.a
taks. to eat; to pare, to cover
tan:k to live in distress
tan:g to go; to stumble; to tremble
tac to go
tat. to be raised, to rise, to groan
tan.d. to strike
tan to confide in, to assist; to pain with disease, to be harmless, to sound; deri. tata
tandr to be exhausted, to be disturbed in mind
tap to shine, to be hot; to make hot, to suffer pain, to injure or hurt, to undergo, to perform penance
tay to go
tarj to threaten, to terrify, to scold, to mock
tard to injure, to hurt or kill
tam.s to decorate; to shake, to pour out, to request
ta_y to spread, to protect
tik to go or move
tij to whet
tij to endure or bear patiently
tip to drop, to ooze; deri. tipta, te_pama_na
til to go
till to go
ti_k to go
ti_v to be strong or fat or corpulent
tuj to hurt, injure or kill
tuj to reach, to kill, to be strong, to take, to dwell, to protect to cloth, to strike, to push, to emit, to incite, to give
tud. to split, to push, to injure, to hurt
tud.d. to disregard, to condemn
tun.d. to disregard, to condemn
tup to injure, hurt or kill
tuph to injure, hurt or kill
tubh to injure, hurt or kill
tump, tumph to injure, hurt or kill
tumb to distress, to hurt
turv to kill
tus to sound
tuh to hurt, to kill, to pain
tu_d. to split, to disregard
tu_l to weigh, to measure
tu_s. to satisfy or to be satisfied
tr.ks. to go
tr._ to swim, to cross over, to float, to surmount; to master completely, to fulfil, to escape from; deri. ti_rn.a, taritavya, utti_rya
te_j to protect
te_p to ooze, to shake
te_v to lament; to play
to_d. to disregard
tyaj to abandon, to leave, to quit, to let go, to renounce, to except, to distribute, to disregard
trakh to go
tran:k to go
tran:kh, tran:g to go
trand to act; to try; to be busy or active
trap to be ashamed or abashed; to be embarrassed
tram.s to speak; to shine
trim.kh to go
trup, truph, trump, trumph to kill, injure or hurt
trai to protect; deri. tra_ta or tra_n.a, paritra_ya
trauk to go
tvaks. to make thin
tvan:g to go; to tremble
tvac to go; deri. tyakta
tvis. to shine; to glitter
tsar to creep; to crawl; to proceed crookedly or fraudulently
thurv to injure, hurt or kill
daks. to increase, to do or act quickly
daks. to go; to kill
dad to give; to offer; to present
dadh to hold: to possess
dam.s' to bite; to sting; deri. das.t.a
day to pity, to give; to go; to protect; to kill; to take
dal to break; to split; to expand, to open
dah to reduce to ashed; to burn; to scorch; to torment; deri. dagdha
da_ to give; deri. datta, de_ya, yacchat, dadivas
da_n to cut off, to straighten; deri. di_da_m.sita
da_y to give
da_s' to give; to offer an oblation
da_s to give
dinv to be glad or pleased, to gladden, to please
div to lament; deri. de_vitva_ or dyu_tva_
di_ks. to be shaved; to perform a sacrifice, to invest with a sacred thread; to practise self-restraint; to teach religious observances; to prepare oneself for the performance of a sacred rite; to dedicate oneself to
du to go; deri. du_na, du_tva_, do_tum
durv to kill; deri. du_rta
duh to injure, hurt or kill
dr.p to light; to kindle; to inflame
dr.bh to tie; to string
dr.s' to see; to behold; to visit; to learn; to investigate
dr.h, dr.m.h to increase; to prosper; to fasten; to be firm
dr._ to fear; deri. darks.rn.a
de_ to protect; deri. datta, dayama_na, da_tum, digya_na
de_v to play, to sport; to lament
dai to purify; to cleanse, to be purified
dyut to shine; to be bright
dyai to despise; to disfigure
dram to go; to run
dra_kh to become dry; to be able; to prevent; to adorn
dra_gh to be able; to stretch; to exert oneself; to be weary; to vex; to wander about
dra_m.ks. to desire, to utter a discordant sound
dra_d. to cut, to split
dra_h to wake
dru to go, to flow, to run; to retreat, to melt; to attack, to rush
dre_k to sound; to show joy; to be exhilarated
drai to sleep; deri. dra_n.a, nidra_ya
dvr. to cover, to appropriate
dhan., dhan to sound
dhanv to go
dha_v to run; to flow, to cleanse, to wash; deri. dhautva_
dhiks. to kindle, to be harassed or weary, to live
dhinv to please, to delight
dhuks. to kindle; to be harassed or weary, to live
dhurv to injure, hurt or kill; deri. dhu_rta
dhu_ to shake, to excite
dhu_p to heat, to fumigate, to perfume, to be heated
dhr. to hold, to support, to possess, to keep, to seize, to place
dhr.j, thr.j to go
dhr.s. to come together, to hurt or injure, to offend
dhe_ to suck, to drink, to draw; deri. dhi_ta, dha_tum, sam.dha_ya
dho_r to go quickly, to run, to trot; to be skilful
dhma_ to blow; to breathe out, to produce sound by blowing, to blow a fire, to manufacture by blowing; deri. a_dhma_ya, dhamat, dadhmivas, dhma_syat
dhyai to think of, to meditate, to recollect; deri. dhya_t
dhraj to go
dhran.j to go
dhran. to sound as a drum or other instrument
dhras to glean
dha_kh to be dry, to be able
dhra_dh to be able or competent
dhra_m.ks. to desire; to caw; to crow
dhra_d. to divide; to split
dhrij to go
dhru to be firm
dhre_k to sound; to be filled with joy
dhrai to be pleased
dhvaj to go
dhvaj to go
dhvan. to sound
dhvan to sound
dham.s to fall down; to perish; to go
dhva_m.ks. to desire; to caw; to crow
dhvr. to bend; to kill
naks. to go
nakh to go
nam.kh to go
nat. to dance; to act (as a dramatic part)
nat. to sound; to roar; to thunder; deri. na_dya, pran.adya
nand to be glad or satisfied
nabh to destroy, to perish
nam to salute; to sink; to bend; deri. nata, nantavya, vinamya, nam.syat
nay to go
nard to sound, to roar
nal to smell; to bind
nas to be crooked
na_th, na_dh to ask; to harass; to be master; to bless
na_s to sound
niks. to kiss
nid to ridicule, to reach
nind to blame; to censure; to condemn
ninv to sprinkle; to attend
nis' to meditate upon
nis. to sprinkle, to moisten
ni_ to lead; to carry; to bring; to pass, to spend; to trace; deri. ni_ta, ne_tum
ni_l to be of a dark colour; to dye dark
ni_v to become fat
nr._ to carry
ne_d to censure; to be near
ne_s. to go