阿富汗达里语 基础教程
今天我从网上订购了一本26元 好多网上书店缺货 这么希见 和波斯语有啥区别 望不吝赐教 谢谢 |
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沙发#
发布于:2011-03-22 15:30
阿富汗达里语句法与伊朗波斯不很大地不同。 力重音在达里语是不同的,并且可能有拼写,但区别一些相似性在某些词的发音上的,作为那英国英语和美国英语。 因此,在人接近达里语和波斯之前,虽然语法和词汇量结构是相当相似的,他发现发音在二种姐妹语言造成一个区别。 这鼓励了不同的语言发展。 例如,讲话的问候在伊朗波斯‘Shomā Khub hastin ?’ (شماخوبهستید ?) (怎么是您做?)与达里语‘Shumā khub astin少许不同?’ (شماخوباستید)。 元音系统与那伊朗波斯语也不同,到某一程度。 在发音上的最大的区别是与信件“و”,是发出音的象“w”在达里语,但象“v”在波斯。 要指示归属,达里语和波斯使用直接反对标志 -镭 在书面和讲话的语言。
另外,一个主要语法区别可以被发现以简单的现在时的异常的形式。 在波斯,有动词“” (波斯语: dāshtan داشتن)在另一个动词之前有时用于表明一个连续作用。 当在达里语,表示“dar hāle” (时当时 ),能使用以简单的当前或过去时表达一个连续的状态。 即。 要表达“我在伊朗进来”可以是说的“人dāram miravam” (مندارممیروم),当在它可以是说的“人dar hāle raftan astam”的阿富汗时(مندرحالرفتناستم)。 这些,然而,不是标准使用简单的现在时,在两种语言,最共同的方式的形式说“我去”简单地是: “人miravam” (منمیروم)。 两个早先被提及的紧张的形式是等值到说: “我是在进来”用英语过程中。 当它有道理时,它实际上很少讲了话。 然而,一些达里语报告人在阿富汗最近采取了Farsi报告人使用的结构在伊朗,除两个形式以外是trans可理解的。 |
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地板#
发布于:2011-03-22 22:16
嗯,区别比较小,刚接触的时候有点不习惯阿富汗人的达里语,但慢慢就能摸出规律来。
达里语语音上更硬一点,不似波斯语夸张饱满,部分元音音位略有区别。 |
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4#
发布于:2011-03-24 13:02
回 1楼(瓦洛西卡迪) 的帖子
从这里看到同样的繁体字内容:http://www.worldlingo.com/ma/enwiki/zh_tw/Dari_%28Persian%29我猜想本来是从维基百科英文版用翻译机器搬来的,不过最新版的英文页内容已经不同了。http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari_%28Persian%29 “信件”(letter)当为字母是比较明显的。但是要找回原来的英文版对照恐怕不容易了。 * ![]() http://www.worldlingo.com/ma/enwiki/en/Dari_%28Persian%29 Grammar The syntax of Afghan Dari does not differ greatly from Iranian Farsi. The stress accent in Dari is different and can have some similarity of spelling but difference in pronunciation of certain words, as that of British English and American English. Hence before a person approaches Dari and Farsi, although the grammar and vocabulary structure is quite similar, he will find that the pronunciation creates a difference in the two sister languages. This has encouraged different language developments. For example, the spoken greeting in Iranian Persian 'Shomā Khub hastin?' (شما خوب هستید؟) (How are you doing?), differs from Dari only slightly 'Shumā khub astin?' (شما خوب استید). The vowel system also differs from that of Iranian Persian, to some degree. The biggest difference in pronunciation is with the letter "و", which is pronounced like a "w" in Dari but like a "v" in Farsi. To mark attribution, both Dari and Farsi use the direct object marker -ra in the written and spoken language. In addition, a major grammatical difference can be found in an unusual form of simple present tense. In Farsi, the verb “to have” (Persian: dāshtan داشتن) is sometimes used before another verb to indicate a continuous action. While in Dari, the expression "dar hāle" (at the moment of), can be used with the simple present or past tense to express a continuous state. e.g. to express that "I am going" in Iran can be said "Man dāram miravam" (من دارم میروم) while in Afghanistan it can be said "Man dar hāle raftan astam" (من در حال رفتن استم). These, however, are not the standard-use forms of simple present tense, in both languages, the most common way to say "I am going" is simply: "Man miravam" (من میروم). Both of the previously mentioned tense forms would be the equivalent to saying: "I am in the process of going" in English. While it makes sense, it is very rarely actually spoken. Nevertheless, some Dari speakers in Afghanistan have recently adopted the structure used by Farsi speakers in Iran, besides both forms are trans-intelligible. |
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