阅读:6714回复:23
如何能够区分开 短、长、超长 音素?尤其是辅音。
正好看到爱沙尼亚语自学教程,
其拥有少见的 短、长、超长 三段音素, 元音辅音都有此特征。 求教有没有高手指教下, 怎么区分开这么细致的差别。 在下没有实际经验实在想象不出, 特别是长辅音、超长辅音。 尤其是在语速飞快的日常对话中。 请从听、说两方面分开讲。 |
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沙发#
发布于:2014-08-31 10:49
Khumar:准确的术语应该是短辅音(short consonant)-半长辅音(half-long consonant)-长辅音(long consonant)?应该是“短辅音(short consonant)-长辅音(long consonant)-极长辅音(extra long consonant) ”, 母语话者看来是分的清清楚楚的, 对于外语学习来说颇有难度。 其他某些有些语言也有各类难点, 但这类特征实在罕见。 维基上说还有几种语言有此特征, 连名字都没列出来, 估计是比爱沙尼亚语应用范围更窄。 对于外语学习来说难以找到参照的语料。 |
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地板#
发布于:2014-08-20 21:16
alandelong:搞了半天,这个超长辅音等价于一般意义的长辅音。不同语言,术语不统一,真是坑人啊回到原帖准确的术语应该是短辅音(short consonant)-半长辅音(half-long consonant)-长辅音(long consonant)? 还是短辅音(short consonant)-长辅音(long consonant)-极长辅音(extra long consonant)? |
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4#
发布于:2014-08-20 20:36
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5#
发布于:2014-08-20 20:35
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6#
发布于:2014-08-20 20:32
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7#
发布于:2014-08-20 20:09
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8#
发布于:2014-08-20 19:57
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9#
发布于:2014-08-20 19:31
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10#
发布于:2014-08-20 19:18
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11#
发布于:2014-08-20 18:55
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12#
发布于:2014-08-20 18:53
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13#
发布于:2014-08-20 17:23
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14#
发布于:2014-08-20 17:17
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15#
发布于:2014-08-20 17:10
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17#
发布于:2014-08-20 16:28
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18#
发布于:2014-08-20 13:12
另外,有一篇论文探讨了超长辅音的来源:
Abstract. The Estonian language is unique in that it differentiates between three degrees of length in vowels, as well as in consonants. Phonologically, the ternary system of Estonian quantity has been interpreted in a variety of manners, but a generally accepted description has yet to be found. In the present paper, I argue for the approach that overlong segments arise due to foot-final lengthening in monosyllabic feet. Foot-final lengthening is not simply a matter of phonetic implementation. The lengthening may be the result of the addition of a mora at the end of the foot or from the strength of the final mora. I focus my discussion on the second case, which links foot-final lengthening and quantity degrees to the well-known Iambic-Trochaic Law. Feet, syllables, moras and the Estonian quantity system.pdf |
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19#
发布于:2014-08-20 13:03
短辅音-长辅音-超长辅音
第一类:【清不送气爆破音】短辅音〈b d g〉, 长辅音〈p t k〉 , 超长辅音〈pp tt kk〉。例如: short kabi "hoof", long kapi "cupboard (gen.sg.)", over-long kappi "cupboard (acc.sg.)" short kade "jealous", long kate "cover", over-long katte "cover (gen.sg.)" short lage "bare", long lake "slop", over-long lakke "to the ceiling" 第二类:【其他辅音】书面语只能区分短辅音和长辅音,不能区分长辅音和超长辅音。例如: short lina ('sheet'), half-long linna ('town' gen. sg.), over-long linna ('to the town') (维基百科解释,由于语法成分*-han的省略,故将辅音延长,以作区分。) |
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