学习笔记：梵文动词变位词尾一览sell语言交流

本帖最后由 Qasoqaanga 于 2009-11-30 09:15 编辑

梵文总体来说，就是屈折变化整齐繁复，这是没有技术含量的记忆活。如何恰到好处地运用屈折变化和搭建复合词汇，以及一些特有的语法现象，灵活的词序，这才是梵文和拉丁文的精华。语言的简练是有代价的。下面是qasoqaanga学习笔记，会陆续贴出，希望诸位检查斧正。

梵文动词常用时态变位词尾一览

现在时陈述式
  主动态 -mi/-si/-ti;-vaas/-thas/-tas;-maas/-thas/-nti,-anti,-at
  中动态 -e/-se/-te;-vahe/-ithe,-athe/-ite,-ate;-mahe/-dhve/-nte,-ate
  被动态 -ye/-yase/-yate;-yavahe/-yethe,-yathe/-yete,-yate;-yamahe/-yadhve/-yante,-yate

未完成时（词根要增音a-）
  主动态 -(a)m/-s/-t;-va/-tam/-taam;-ma/-ta/-(a)n,-us
  中动态 -i/-thas/-ta;-vahi/-ithaam(-athaam)/-itaam,-ataam;-mahi/-dhvam/-nta,-ata
  被动态 -ye/-yathaas/-yata;-yavahi/-yethaam/-yetaam;-yamahi/-yadhvam/-yanta

将来时
  主动态 -shyaami/-shyasi/-shyati;-shyavas/-shyathas/-shyatas;-shyamaas/-shyathas/-shyanti
  中动态 -shye/-shyase/-shyate;-shyaavahe/-shyethe/-shyete;-shyamaahe/-shyadhve/-shyante
  被动态 -shye/-shyase/-shyate;-shyaavahe/-shyethe/-shyete;-shyamaahe/-shyadhve/-shyante

完成时（词根要增音同部位辅音）
  主动态 -a/-(i)tha/-a;-(i)va/-athus/-atus;-(i)ma/-a/-us
  中动态 -e/-(i)she/-e;-(i)vahe/-aathe/-aate;-(i)mahe/-(i)dhve/-ire
  被动态 -e/-ishe/-e;-ivahe/-aathe/-aate;-imahe/-idhve/-ire