最近看文章遇到的一些生词，记录下

English: lustrum
Italian: lustro
Spanish: lustro
Portuguese: lustro

lūstrum n (genitive lūstrī);a purificatory sacrifice (expiatory offering) or lustration performed every five years by the censor。a period of five years

from Ancient Greek *δύστρον (*dústron) from δύω (dúō, “to plunge”).

From Proto-Indo-European *dew-. Cognates include Sanskrit उपादुत्य (upādútya).

English: obliterate
French: oblitérer
Italian: obliterare
Portuguese: obliterar
Spanish: obliterar


oblitterō (present infinitive oblitterāre, perfect active oblitterāvī, supine oblitterātum); first conjugation
I erase, efface, obliterate, blot out.
I consign to oblivion, cause to be forgotten.

cōnservus m (genitive cōnservī); second declension
fellow slave or servant



French: concierge
→ English: concierge
→ German: Concierge
→ Portuguese: concierge
→ Russian: консье́рж (konsʹjérž)
→ Spanish: conserje

lītigō (present infinitive lītigāre, perfect active lītigāvī, supine lītigātum); first conjugation
I dispute, quarrel.
(law) I litigate, sue.



English: litigate
Italian: litigare, leticare (Tuscany)
Portuguese: lidar, litigar
Spanish: lidiar, litigar

mendīcō (present infinitive mendīcāre, perfect active mendīcāvī, supine mendīcātum); first conjugation, irregular short imperative
I beg, ask for alms.



French: mendier
Italian: mendicare
Portuguese: mendigar
Spanish: mendigar


English: mendicant

paeniteō (present infinitive paenitēre, perfect active paenituī, future participle paenitūrus); second conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, impersonal in the passive
I cause to repent.
I regret, repent; I am sorry

English: repent, penitent
French: repentir
Italian: pentirsi, ripentirsi
Portuguese: arrepender
Spanish: arrepentir, arrepentirse

sepulcrum n (genitive sepulcrī); second declension
grave, burial place
Synonym: tumulus
tomb, sepulchre

Italian: sepolcro
English: sepulchre
French: sépulcre
Portuguese: sepulcro
Spanish: sepulcro

firmāmentum n (genitive firmāmentī); second declension
A strengthening, support, prop, stay.
The firmament; the sky fixed above the earth.

→ English: firmament
→ French: firmament
→ German: Firmament
→ Italian: firmamento
→ Portuguese: firmamento
→ Spanish: firmamento

没有斯拉夫语的同源词啊？还有希腊语的

604692228：没有斯拉夫语的同源词啊？还有希腊语的回到原帖

最近遇到的这些生词都是来自拉丁语

 Latin sēbum (“suet, tallow”), Ancient Greek εἴβω (eíbō, “to drop, drip”).



sēbum n (genitive sēbī); second declensiontallow, grease
suethard animal fat


Italian: sebo, sego, sevo

Portuguese: sebo
Spanish: sebo
→ English: sebum
→ French: sébum

同源词：English: seep ，seepage。 soap， German Seife (“soap”)


Latin sāpō (“soap”) is a borrowing from the Germanic.

sāpō m (genitive sāpōnis); third declension


Italian: sapone
French: savon
Portuguese: sabão
Spanish: jabón, xabon


 from Proto-Indo-European *seyb-, *seyp- (“to pour out, drip, trickle, strain”).
from Proto-Indo-European *seyb-, *sib- (“to pour out, drip, trickle”)

alandelong：最近遇到的这些生词都是来自拉丁语回到原帖

拉丁和斯拉夫再向上也同源

604692228：拉丁和斯拉夫再向上也同源回到原帖

有些同源，有些不同源

alandelong：有些同源，有些不同源回到原帖

是有同源词的，但是语义可能变的不同了。

recuperō (present infinitive recuperāre, perfect active recuperāvī, supine recuperātum); first conjugation
Alternative form of reciperō (“regain, restore, restore to health”)


Italian: ricovrare, ricoverare ⇒ ricovero
French: recouvrer
Spanish: recobrar
Portuguese: recobrar



→ English: recuperate
→ French: récupérer
→ Romanian: recupera
→ Italian: recuperare, ricuperare
→ Portuguese: recuperar
→ Spanish: recuperar

fatuus (feminine fatua, neuter fatuum); first/second-declension adjective
foolish, silly, simple, stupid



fatuus m (genitive fatuī, feminine fatua); second declension
A fool, simpleton, a jester, buffoon, blockhead



English: fatuous
French: fade, fada, fat
Italian: fatuo
Portuguese: fátuo, fatela
Spanish: fatuo



English:
fatuity
fatuously
fatuousness
infatuate
infatuation

dissertātiō f (genitive dissertātiōnis); third declension
(spoken) dissertation, discourse, disquisition

French: dissertation
Dutch: dissertatie
English: dissertation
Russian: диссертация
Spanish: disertación


dissertō (present infinitive dissertāre, perfect active dissertāvī, supine dissertātum); first conjugation
I discuss, argue, dispute

French: disserter
Italian: dissertare
Portuguese: dissertar
Spanish: disertar

prognōsis f (genitive prognōsis); third declension
forecast, prediction



English: prognosis
French: pronostic
German: Prognose
Italian: prognosi
Russian: прогно́з
Spanish: pronóstico


From Ancient Greek πρόγνωσις (prógnōsis, “foreknowledge, perceiving beforehand, prediction”), from prefix προ- (pro-, “before”) + γνῶσις (gnôsis, “inquiry, investigation, knowing”), from γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “know”).