[语言交流]求助土耳其语几个词的读音

前辈们好，小女子是巴黎索邦语言学专业的学生，这学期研究土耳其语的语音和句法。在做transcript的时候，有几个音不知道该怎么发，请大家指点一下。


geçiriyorum里的yorum发[jɔrɔm]还是[jɔrɯm]还是别的？
gidiyoruz里的yoruz发[jɔrus]还是[jɔrɯs]还是别的？
bir，var里的r发[r]还是[ʃ]？
Ğ这个字母什么情况发[ɰ]？

发音规则我已经找到了很多，可是在具体听一个土耳其姑娘的独白时，听到的和发音规则不一样。所以我很疑惑，想知道这几个音实际发音是怎样的，提前谢谢前辈们了！！

yorum发[jɔrɔm】发这个音感觉比较合适，r 字母在词尾好像一般的都发[ʃ]，Ğ这个字母好像永远都不发音的。

ğ(soft g)
The letter 'ğ' is not pronounced as a consonant in Turkish, which is how it gets its name yumşak g 'soft g'. Its effect is one of the following:
# 'ğ' sounds like 'y' when following 'e' or 'i':
değisim '(ex)change', diğer 'other', çiğ 'raw'.


# between two 'e's or two'i's, 'ğ' may sound like 'y' but may also be inaudible:
eğ- 'bend', eğer 'if', sevdiğim 'that which I like'.


# when it follows a back vowel('a', 'ı', 'o' or 'u') and is either at the end of a word or precedes another consonant, 'ğ' lengthens the previous vowel:
bağ 'vineyard', sığ 'shallow', doğdu 's/he was born', yağmur 'rain'.


# 'ğ' is inaudible
(i) between identical vowels:
buğu 'moisture', üşüdüğü 'that s/he is/was cold', yığın 'pile', ağaç 'tree'.


(ii) between non-identical rounded vowels or between a rounded vowel and an unrounded one:
doğu 'east', öğün 'meal', doğan 'falcon'.


(iii) between 'ı' and 'a':
sığar 'it fits'.


(iv) between 'a' and 'ı' (alternatively, these sequences can sound like long 'a's)
ağır 'heavy', dağıt 'distribute', kâğıt 'paper'.


# The word değil can be pronounced as 'diil'

r
'r' is pronounced with the tip of the tongue touching the palate. When it occurs at the end of a word (and followed by a pause), it is produced with a friction caused by air release and sounds almost like a whistle or like 'ş' (e.g. as in Önünüzde iki kişi var 'There are two people in front of you').

All vowels except /a/ and /o/ get lowered in word-final position.

henio.lyen：yorum发，Ğ这个字母好像永远都不发音的。回到原帖

谢谢指点！我听到的yorum也是发[jɔrɔm],关键老师听到的是[jɔrɯm]。所以我就很疑惑，还想问一下henio，[ɯ]这个音是不是只对应i（没点的）这个字母，没有其他情况发这个音吧？

Khumar：All vowels except /a/ and /o/ get lowered in word-final position.回到原帖

好全的总结！记下来啦！谢谢指点！！