[语言交流]乌克兰语口语

书写范例
 
The river to the blue sea flows
But flows not back again.
The Cossack seeks his fortune too,
But all his search is vain.
Wide in the world the Cossack goes,
And there the blue sea roars,
The Ciossack's heart is boisterous too,
This question it explores:
"Where have you gone without farewell?
To whom has all been left
Of father and old mother now
And of your maid bereft?
These alien folk have alien hearts;
It's hard with them to live!
No one is here to share one's tears
Or gentle words to give."
The Cossack haunts the farther coast,—
And still the blue seas roar.
He hoped to find his fortune there,
But met with sorrow sore.
And while the cranes in coveys seek
The ocean's farther bournes,
The Cossack weeps—the beaten paths
Are overgrown with thorns.
—TARAS SHEVCHENKO, Kobzar
乌克兰语时间和日期的表达
Hodyny i Daty
 几点了？ = kotra hodyna？
 七点十三分= s'oma trynadtsyat'
 三点十五分= tretya pyatnadtsyat'
 三点一刻= chvert' po tretiy'
 十一点三十分= odynadtsyata trydtsyat'
 十一点半 = piv do dvanadtsyatoyi
 一点四十五分= persha sorok pyat'
 一点四十五分 = za pyatnadtsyat' druha
 日/天 = den'
 周 = tyzhden'
 月 = misyats'
 年 = rik
 星期一 = ponedilok
 星期二 = vivtorok
 星期三 = sereda
 星期四 = chetver
 星期五 = pyatnytsya
 星期六 = subota
 星期日 = nedilya
 一月 = sichen'
 二月 = lyutyy'
 三月 = berezen'
 四月 = kviten'
 五月 = traven'
 六月 = cherven'
 七月 = lypen'
 八月 = serpen'
 九月 = veresen'
 十月 = zhovten'
 十一月 = lystopad
 十二月 = hruden'
 春天 = vesna
 夏天 = lito
 秋天 = osin'
 冬天 = zyma
 今天 = s'ohodni
 昨天 = vchera
 明天 = zavtra
 生日 = den' urodyn
 祝你生日快乐 =
 z dnem urodyn！ z dnem narodzhenya！
乌克兰语关于场所的表达
Ustanovy i zamitni mistsya
 邮局 = poshta
 博物馆 = muzey'
 银行 = bank
 警察局 = politsiy'na stanytsya
 医院 = likarnya, shpytal'
 药房 = apteka
 商店 = kramnytsya
 餐馆 = restoran
 学校 = shkola
 教堂 = tserkva
 洗手间 = tualyet, laznychka
 街道 = vulytsya
 广场 = ploshcha
 大山 = hora
 山丘 = horb
 山谷 = dolyna
 海洋 = okean
 湖泊 = ozero
 河流 = rika
 游泳池 = basey'n
 塔 = vezha
 桥 = mist
乌克兰语方向的表达
Napryamy
 左 = na livo
 右 = na pravo
 一直= pryamo
 上 = vhoru
 下 = vnyz
 远= daleko
 近 = blyz'ko
 长 = dovhyy' （m）, dovha （f）
 短 = korotkyy' （m）, korotka （f）
 地图 = karta, mapa
 旅游问讯处 = informatsiyi dla turystiv
观光旅游乌克兰语
----在哪里？ = de ye ...?
车费多少钱？= skilky koshtuye kvytok?
票= kvytok
一张去---的票 = kvytok do ...
你去哪里？ = kudy vy yidete
你住在哪里？ = de vy zhyvete
火车= poyizd
公共汽车= avtobus
地铁= pidzemka
飞机场= aerodrom, letovyshche
火车站 = zaliznychna stantsiya
公共汽车站 = avtobusova zupynka
地铁站= stantsiya pidzemky
出境= vidyizd
入境 = pryyizd
汽车租赁处= vynay'm avtomashyn
停车场 = stoyanka, parkuvannya
旅馆= hotel
客房= kimnata
预订= zamovlennya na kimnatu
今晚有没有空房= chy ye vilni kimnaty na s'ohodnishnyu nich?
客满= nemaye vilnykh kimnat
护照= pasport
乌克兰语购物/用餐
多少钱？ = skil'ky tse koshtuye?
这是什么 = shcho tse ye?
我买了 = ya tse kupl'u.
我要买------= ya khotivby kupyty ...
你有------= chy vy mayete ... ?
你接受信用卡吗？= chy vy pryy'mayete kredytovi kartky?
打开 = vidkryto
关上 = zachyneno
明信片 = poshtova kartka
邮票 = poshtovi znachky
一点 = trokhy
许多 = bahato
全部 = vse
早餐 = snidanok
午餐 = obid
晚餐 = vecherya
素食者 = vegetariyans'kyy'
犹太合法食物= koshernyy'
干杯！ = na zdorov'ya!
请结帐 = rakhunok proshu.
面包= khlib
饮料= napytok
咖啡= kava
茶= chay'
果汁= ovochevyy' sochok
水 = voda
啤酒 = pyvo
酒 = vyno
盐 = sil'
胡椒= perets'
肉 = m'yaso
牛肉 = volovyna
猪肉 = svynyna
鱼 = ryba
家禽 = kuryatyna
蔬菜 = horodyna
水果= ovochi
土豆= barabolya
沙拉 = salata
甜品 = solodke
冰淇淋 = morozyvo
乌克兰语数字
0 = nul, zero
1 = odyn (m), odna (f)
2 = dva (m), dvi (f)
3 = try
4 = chotyry
5 = pyat'
6 = shist'
7 = sim
8 = visim
9 = dev'yat'
10= desyat'
11 = odynadtsyat'
12 = dvanadtsyat'
13 = trynadtsyat'
14 = chotyrnadtsyat'
15 = pyatnadtsyat'
16 = shisnadtsyat'
17 = simnadtsyat'
18 = visimnadtsyat'
19 = dev'yatnadtsyat'
20 = dvadtsyat'
21 = dvadtsyat' odyn (m), dvadtsyat' odna (f)
30 = trydtsyat'
40 = sorok
50 = p'yat'desyat'
60 = shist'desyat'
70 = simdesyat'
80 = visimdesyat'
90 = dev'yat'desyat'
100 = sto
1000 = tysyacha
一百万 = mil'on
乌克兰语基本词汇
是= tak
不是 = ni
谢谢 = dyakuyu
非常感谢/很感谢= duzhe dyakuyu
不客气 = proshu
请= proshu
劳驾/对不起= pereproshuyu, vybachte
你好= vitayu
再见= do pobachennya
再见= bud' zdorov (单数), bud'te zdorovi(复数)
早上好 = dobryy' ranok
下午好 = dobryy' den'
晚上好 = dobryy' vechir
晚安= dobranich
我不明白/我不懂 = Ya ne rozumiyu
这个用....语怎么讲？= Yak vy tse skazhete po [ukrayins'ky]?
你会讲....吗?= chy vy hovoryte po ...
英语= po anhliy's'ky
法语= po frantsuz'ky
德语= po nimets'ky
西班牙语= po espans'ky
汉语 = po kytay's'ky
我 = ya
我们 = my
你 = ty
您 = vy
你们 = vy
他们 = vony
你叫什么名字？= yak vy nazyvayetesya
很高兴遇见你= pryyemno z vamy zapiznatysya
你好吗？= yak mayetes'
好 = dobre
不好= pohano
还行 = tak i syak
妻子= druzhyna
丈夫= cholovik
女儿= dochka
儿子 = syn
妈妈 = maty, mama
爸爸 = bat'ko
朋友 = pryyatel' (男), pryyatel'ka (女)
洗手间在哪里= de tut tualyet? (laznychka, uborna)